What is the benefit of using AWS Elastic Load Balancing?

Using AWS Elastic Load Balancing offers significant advantages, particularly in distributing incoming application traffic across multiple targets. This functionality enhances the availability and fault tolerance of applications. By intelligently routing requests to various instances or containers, Elastic Load Balancing ensures that no single target becomes a bottleneck, thus optimizing resource utilization and improving responsiveness.

This load distribution helps in maintaining consistent application performance, especially during sudden changes in traffic patterns, as it can automatically adjust to the number of instances available. Moreover, with health checks integrated into the load balancing process, traffic is only directed to healthy resources, further improving reliability.

In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects of AWS services. Logging API calls relates more to AWS CloudTrail for auditing purposes, which provides governance, compliance, and operational and security insight. Creating static IP addresses pertains to Elastic IPs associated with instances rather than load balancing. Lastly, managing network security groups involves configuring access rules for instances and does not directly correlate with load balancing capabilities.